以太坊:Lido启动800万枚ETH迁移升级
CoinDesk
07-27 22:12
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Lido启动 800 万枚 ETH 迁移升级,预计使以太坊验证者数量减少约三分之一,并首次要求节点运营商提供锁仓保证金。
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Lido 正在推进自 2023 年 V2 以来最大一次协议升级。公司披露称,超过 800 万枚已质押 ETH 将迁移至以太坊 Pectra 升级后的新验证者设计,按当前价格计算规模约为 165 亿美元。这次调整主要面向底层质押结构,不直接改变普通用户的 Gas 费用或交易速度。

迁移规模约800万枚ETH

这次迁移覆盖 Lido Core 体系中的大部分质押资产,也是该协议五年来首次对核心节点运营机制作出较大调整。Lido 表示,迁移完成后,以太坊全网验证者数量预计将减少约三分之一,从而缓解共识层处理压力。

按 Lido 的说法,仅验证者整合一项,就可使全网每个 epoch 的 attestation 消息减少约 29%。这类消息用于区块链网络的同步与确认,数量下降意味着后台通信负担会有所减轻。

  • 迁移资产规模:超过 800 万枚 ETH
  • 对应价值:约 165 亿美元
  • 预期 attestation 消息降幅:约 29%

34家节点运营商转入新模块

此次升级将把 Lido 的专业节点运营商迁移至 Curated Module v2。公告显示,现有 34 家 curated 节点运营商都将进入新模块,目前没有运营商因新增要求而计划退出。

新模块最重要的变化,是节点运营商首次需要提供锁定的 ETH 保证金。此前,Lido curated 模块主要依赖运营记录和声誉来约束节点表现;升级后,若运营表现不达标,将增加明确的资金约束。

Lido 方面称,这并不是用资金约束取代原有声誉机制,而是在原有基础上增加经济责任。对协议而言,这意味着支撑 Lido Core 的验证者集合会更精简,节点行为也将承担更直接的资本成本。

奖励影响约为年化减少0.28%

Lido 预计,这次迁移将通过独立的共识层整合队列推进,而不是占用以太坊现有的存款和激活队列。这样做有助于降低迁移过程对其他验证者进入流程的干扰。

协议同时预计,迁移将使全协议年度质押奖励减少约 0.28%。不过,在旧验证者正式退出前,相关验证者仍会继续获得奖励;可能出现的奖励损失,主要集中在余额转入新验证者之前的过渡阶段。

从影响看,这次升级更偏向底层效率优化。它不会直接带来更低手续费,也不会立刻提升用户交易体验,但有助于减轻以太坊共识层长期运行负担,并让 Lido 的节点运营约束更接近资本化管理。

补充信息:此次迁移使用的是独立整合队列,而非以太坊常规存款与激活队列,这意味着升级过程不会直接挤占其他验证者的常规进入通道。

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