web3: 美国法官叫停明州预测市场禁令
CoinDesk
07-28 07:40
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美国联邦法官批准初步禁令,暂缓执行明尼苏达州对预测市场的禁令,认为州法可能与联邦《商品交易法》冲突。
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美国明尼苏达州一名联邦法官批准初步禁令,暂缓执行该州针对预测市场的新禁令。法院认为,这项将预测市场运营定为刑事违法的州法律,可能与美国联邦《商品交易法》发生冲突。

州法或被联邦法排除

这项裁定由明尼苏达联邦地区法院法官 Katherine Menendez 作出。她表示,Kalshi、Polymarket 以及美国商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)在案件实体审理中,很可能证明州法已被联邦法律排除适用。

案件焦点在于,预测市场上的事件合约是否属于《商品交易法》定义下的“掉期”产品。如果属于这一范围,相关监管权限将主要落在联邦层面,而不是由州政府单独限制。

Kalshi与Polymarket起诉明州

明尼苏达州此前通过法律,禁止预测市场运营商在州内提供相关产品,并将此类经营行为刑事化。随后,Kalshi、Polymarket 与 CFTC 共同提起诉讼,主张州法侵犯了 CFTC 对这类产品的监管权限。

法官在裁定中写道,原告已经初步证明,其关于“明确排除适用”的主张有较大胜算,至少适用于 Kalshi 和 Polymarket US 平台上列出的许多交易合约。

禁令持续至案件终审

法院同时认为,如果不暂停执行该法律,Kalshi 和 Polymarket 将面临“无法弥补的损害”。因此,初步禁令将持续生效,直到法院就案件实体问题作出最终裁决。

不过,法官也提到,并非所有预测合约都一定落在联邦法保护范围内。她举例称,部分围绕电视节目《Love Island》结果的预测,可能更接近明州法律试图限制的对象。但在现阶段,法院很难只针对这部分合约单独设计禁令范围。

这意味着,在案件进入下一阶段前,明尼苏达州暂时不能依据这项新法全面阻止 Kalshi 和 Polymarket 提供相关预测市场产品。

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