web3: 巴西农户将奶牛代币化以获取贷款
CoinDesk
07-24 21:09
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巴西农户把奶牛代币化并用于贷款抵押,RWA 融资场景进一步扩展至农业资产。
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巴西巴拉那州一批农户近日把 10 头奶牛完成代币化登记,并以此获得接近 2 万美元信贷。这项尝试出现在当地银行收紧小型农业经营贷款之际,也让现实世界资产代币化从债券、基金等金融资产,延伸到农业生产资料。

10头奶牛换来近2万美元信贷

这批奶牛的代币在巴西 B3 交易所完成登记。项目由巴西农业科技公司 Cowmed 推动,核心做法是把每头奶牛对应到一个可追踪的数字身份,再将其作为可移动抵押物接入信贷流程。

在传统农业贷款中,牲畜虽然具备资产价值,但核验、登记和持续追踪成本较高,银行也担心重复抵押风险。此次试点的目标,就是让活体牲畜能够像标准化资产一样进入融资体系。

AI项圈用于核验与防止重复抵押

Cowmed 为奶牛配备了 AI 智能项圈,用于持续记录健康、行为和位置数据。相关原始数据会转化为加密数字身份,并与 B3 的信贷协议对应。

这套机制主要解决两个问题:一是减少人工上门核验的需求,二是防止同一头牛被用于多笔贷款抵押。报道提到,如果个别奶牛死亡,系统也允许农户以存活奶牛进行替换,以维持抵押品有效性。

  • 试点地点:巴西巴拉那州
  • 首批规模:10 头奶牛
  • 获得信贷:近 2 万美元

Cowmed称或释放更多农业融资空间

Cowmed 表示,公司目前已在 1000 多家农场追踪约 10 万头奶牛,对应资产价值超过 3.95 亿美元。该公司预计,其服务网络中最多约 20% 可能采用这种代币化融资模式。

按这一估算,这一模式或可为当地农业部门新增约 7760 万美元信贷。对 RWA 市场而言,这类案例的意义不在于单笔规模,而在于把链上登记、实时数据和抵押融资结合到更分散、非标准化的实体资产中。

目前,现实世界资产代币化仍以国债、信贷和基金份额等金融类资产为主。此次奶牛代币化试点显示,若资产识别、持续监测和违约处置机制能够成立,农业资产也可能成为下一类进入代币化融资体系的标的。

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