web3: 巴西農戶將乳牛代幣化以獲取貸款
CoinDesk
07-24 21:09
Ai Focus
巴西農民將乳牛代幣化並用於貸款抵押,RWA 融資場景進一步擴展至農業資產。
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巴西巴拉那州一批農戶近日把 10 頭乳牛完成代幣化登記,並以此獲得接近 2 萬美元信貸。這項嘗試出現在當地銀行收緊小型農業經營貸款之際,也讓現實世界資產代幣化從債券、基金等金融資產,延伸到農業生產資料。

10頭乳牛換來近2萬美元信貸

這批乳牛的代幣在巴西 B3 交易所完成登記。該計畫由巴西農業科技公司 Cowmed 推動,核心做法是把每頭乳牛對應到一個可追蹤的數位身份,再將其作為可移動抵押物接入信貸流程。

在傳統農業貸款中,牲畜雖然具備資產價值,但核驗、登記和持續追蹤成本較高,銀行也擔心重複抵押風險。這次試驗的目標,就是讓活體牲畜能夠像標準化資產一樣進入融資體系。

AI項圈用於核驗與防止重複抵押

Cowmed 為乳牛配備了 AI 智慧項圈,用於持續記錄健康、行為和位置資料。相關原始資料會轉換為加密數位身份,並與 B3 的信貸協議對應。

這套機制主要解決兩個問題:一是減少人工上門核驗的需求,二是防止同一頭牛被用於多筆貸款抵押。報告提到,如果個別乳牛死亡,系統也允許農民以存活乳牛進行替換,以維持抵押品有效性。

  • 試辦地點:巴西巴拉那州
  • 首批規模:10 頭乳牛
  • 獲得信貸:近 2 萬美元

Cowmed稱或釋放更多農業融資空間

Cowmed 表示,該公司目前已在 1,000 多家農場追蹤約 10 萬頭乳牛,對應資產價值超過 3.95 億美元。該公司預計,其服務網絡中最多約 20% 可能採用這種代幣化融資模式。

以此估算,此模式或可為當地農業部門新增約 7,760 萬美元信貸。對 RWA 市場而言,這類案例的意義不在於單筆規模,而是把鏈上登記、即時數據和抵押融資結合到更分散、非標準化的實體資產中。

目前,現實世界資產代幣化仍以國債、信貸和基金份額等金融類資產為主。這次乳牛代幣化試點顯示,若資產識別、持續監測和違約處置機制能夠成立,農業資產也可能成為下一類進入代幣化融資體系的標的。

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