亚马逊申请手机卫星网络牌照,对垒SpaceX
TechCrunch
07-28 02:22
Ai Focus
亚马逊申请手机卫星网络牌照,计划 2028 年起提供服务,与 SpaceX 在卫星直连手机市场竞争加剧。
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亚马逊正把卫星业务从宽带网络进一步扩展到手机直连。根据其向美国联邦通信委员会提交的申请,公司希望获批运营一个由 5105 颗卫星组成的新网络,并计划从 2028 年开始提供面向手机的卫星通信服务。

这项申请出现在亚马逊收购 Globalstar 卫星运营业务数月之后。Globalstar 目前为苹果 iPhone 的紧急通信功能和部分物联网设备提供连接服务。最新文件显示,亚马逊准备利用 Globalstar 持有的无线频谱,扩大这类服务,并与其 Leo 卫星宽带网络整合。

5105 颗卫星瞄准手机连接

从披露内容看,这一网络并非单独存在,而是亚马逊现有低轨卫星布局的延伸。公司希望把手机直连能力与宽带服务结合,形成更完整的卫星通信产品线。

这也意味着,亚马逊将更直接地切入 SpaceX 已经占据优势的两个市场:卫星互联网,以及卫星直连手机服务。

SpaceX 已先行布局

目前,SpaceX 在相关市场仍明显领先。报道提到,SpaceX 计划斥资 200 亿美元,从 EchoStar 购买频谱资源,用于建设其移动通信卫星星座。这也是其增长规划中的重要部分。

不过,卫星直连手机的商业价值仍有待验证。现阶段多数服务带宽有限,更适合短信或紧急场景,距离大规模替代地面移动网络还有距离。

T-Mobile 首席执行官 Srini Gopalan 今年春季表示,用户对这类服务的需求并不强。他给出的数据是,5 月卫星通信使用量仅占其整体网络流量的 0.0002%,使用场景主要集中在国家公园等地面网络覆盖不足的区域。

亚马逊还面临发射难题

与 SpaceX 不同,亚马逊并没有自有火箭发射体系可直接投入使用。公司原本计划依赖贝索斯旗下蓝色起源发射卫星,但 New Glenn 火箭在 5 月一次异常事故后停飞,相关发射设施也受到影响。

受此拖累,亚马逊此前已请求延长美国联邦通信委员会设定的组网期限。这意味着,即便公司现在推进手机卫星网络申请,后续发射节奏仍是实际落地的关键变量。

尽管进度落后于 SpaceX,亚马逊的资金实力仍是其最大底气。报道提到,截至 4 月底,亚马逊账面流动资产达到 2550 亿美元,这使其能够持续投入卫星网络建设;相比之下,SpaceX 对外部资本和频谱投入的需求看起来更为迫切。

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