Ethereum: Russia plans to include BTC, ETH, and USDT in regulated transactions
Cryptonews
8h ago
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The Russian Central Bank plans to include BTC, ETH, and USDT in regulated transactions, with a annual limit of 300,000 rubles for retail investors per intermediary.
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俄罗斯正推进新的加密资产市场框架。继 8 月 4 日相关法律签署后,俄罗斯央行提出首批可进入有组织交易的数字货币名单,包括比特币、以太坊和 Tether 发行的 USDT,这让当地受监管加密市场的可交易范围开始明朗。

首批名单锁定三种资产

俄罗斯央行表示,这三种资产被纳入拟议名单,主要依据是海外市场的市值、交易活跃度和价格历史。按照草案要求,相关资产需具备足够市场规模、平均日交易量,并在俄罗斯境外拥有至少 5 年交易历史。

目前名单尚未最终确定,公众意见征集将持续到 8 月 24 日。新法主要条款预计于 9 月 1 日生效,届时普通投资者只能购买符合央行标准的加密资产。

普通投资者设 30 万卢布上限

在新框架下,非合格投资者可通过每一家中介机构购买加密资产,但年度购买上限为 30 万卢布,约合 3650 美元。该限制分别适用于券商、加密兑换服务和资产管理机构。

  • 非合格投资者:每家中介每年上限 30 万卢布
  • 合格投资者:无购买额度上限
  • 全部投资者:交易前需完成风险测试

无论是否属于合格投资者,交易前都需要通过风险知识测试。俄罗斯央行称,这一安排旨在限制普通投资者承受加密资产价格大幅波动的风险。相比之下,合格投资者在交易所或场外市场买卖加密资产时不受购买额度限制,但同样需要完成测试。

交易所和托管机构将纳入新规

除资产准入外,俄罗斯央行也在同步制定交易场所和配套机构的运行规则。7 月底,监管方已发布有关加密交易所、数字托管机构和数字货币账户服务商的草案。

根据草案,交易所可自行设定交易程序,但需负责计算挂牌资产的市场价格和加权平均价格。数字托管机构则需保存客户持仓和交易记录,并满足资本金要求。按照业务范围不同,最低资本要求在 5000 万至 2.5 亿卢布之间。

同一法律还要求加密交易服务商进入专门登记册,净资产不少于 1500 万卢布,并加入获批的金融市场自律组织。现有相关服务机构需在 2027 年 7 月 1 日前完成合规。

境内支付禁令仍然保留

受监管交易市场开放,并不意味着俄罗斯放开加密支付。现行规则仍禁止在俄罗斯境内使用加密货币购买普通商品和服务。

不过,跨境结算安排被保留。按照现有框架,俄罗斯出口商和进口商可在特定条件下使用合规数字资产进行对外贸易结算,这部分交易不适用面向零售投资购买设置的 30 万卢布年度上限。

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