Pennsylvania Tightens Approval for AI Data Centers and Recovers Grid Costs
Coinpaper
3h ago
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Pennsylvania introduces new regulations to tighten the approval process for large AI data centers and requires them to bear part of the grid costs.
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美国宾夕法尼亚州开始收紧大型 AI 数据中心的落地条件。州长乔什·夏皮罗已签署行政命令,针对峰值用电需求超过 25 兆瓦的项目提高审批门槛,并要求开发商为其带来的部分电网成本买单。

退出快速审批通道

这项编号为 2026-05 的行政命令,调整了州内对大型数据中心的审查方式。今后,相关项目若想获得州政府的简化审查流程,需要先满足环境、能源、劳工和社区方面的要求,同时取得必要的地方批准。

新规意味着,大型数据中心不再能直接依赖州内的快速许可机制推进项目。州政府把地方审批放到更靠前的位置,试图让社区在项目落地前拥有更明确的发言权。

公开选址并申报能耗

宾州还将建立一个公开地图,披露拟建数据中心的位置。已投入运营的数据中心则需从 2027 年 7 月起,按年申报能源和用水情况。

电网成本由项目承担

行政命令还要求州内负责能源可负担性的特别法律顾问,推动公用事业规则调整,避免数据中心把新增电网成本转嫁给普通用户。

按州政府设想,若数据中心没有提前锁定足够电力,在部分紧急情况下,它们还可能被优先限电。这一安排意在把高耗电项目对电网的压力,与居民电价分开处理。

全美阻力继续扩大

夏皮罗表示,宾州据报已有超过 100 个数据中心项目被提出,但真正向州环境保护部门递交许可申请的只有 20 个。州政府显然希望在更多项目进入正式流程前,先把规则收紧。

这一动作也反映出美国多地对 AI 数据中心的反弹正在扩大。随着更多设施上线,地方社区对用电、用水和环境影响的担忧持续升温,争议已从企业扩张计划转向州政府和地方政府的审批与成本分配。

补充信息:今年 1 月,布鲁金斯学会曾警告,地方阻力可能拖慢甚至阻断 AI 基础设施项目;到 8 月,美国各地与 AI 数据中心相关的抗议活动中,年内已有至少 37 人被捕。

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