web3: Foreign media: Bitcoin custody competition in the US shifts towards banks
Cryptonews
08-21 00:11
Ai Focus
Foreign media reports that large US banks are accelerating their entry into the Bitcoin custody market, and Coinbase and other native crypto institutions are facing more direct competition.
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外媒称,美国比特币托管市场正在从加密原生机构主导,转向大型银行加速入场。推动这一变化的关键,不是银行突然看好比特币,而是托管、清算和配套服务带来的机构业务收入。

花旗 8 月 18 日公布 Custody+,计划在 2026 年底前上线,把比特币纳入其现有托管体系。文章称,花旗截至 2026 年 6 月管理的托管与行政资产规模为 34.5 万亿美元,这使其新动作被视为行业风向之一。

监管障碍在 2025 年后松动

文章认为,银行大举进入这一市场,首先来自监管条件变化。2025 年 1 月,美国证监会通过 SAB 122 撤销 SAB 121,取消了代客户持有加密资产时需在自身资产负债表确认对应负债的要求。

这一调整改变了银行的成本结构。此前,银行若托管大额比特币,需要为相关负债占用资本,导致这项业务对大型托管机构吸引力有限。几个月后,美国货币监理署又确认,国民银行可以提供加密资产托管,并可在无需事先单独批准的情况下开展相关业务。

文章还提到,2025 年 7 月签署成法的 GENIUS Act 虽主要针对稳定币,但也为数字资产托管提供了更明确的联邦银行路径。Circle、Paxos、BitGo、Fidelity Digital Assets 和 Ripple 均获得了初步进展。

大型托管银行已陆续落地

目前,纽约梅隆银行在传统银行中进展最快。该行托管资产规模为 59.4 万亿美元,早已为 ETF 发行方提供比特币和以太坊托管,并在 2026 年 5 月把相关服务扩展至阿布扎比全球市场。

道富银行在 2026 年 1 月推出数字资产平台,覆盖钱包管理、托管和结算。渣打则选择整合其参与创立的 Zodia Custody,把现有加密托管能力并入企业与投行业务。美国合众银行也已为基金管理人与稳定币储备提供相关托管支持。

  • 纽约梅隆:已服务 ETF 发行方,并托管 RLUSD 储备
  • 道富银行:平台支持代币化基金、存款与稳定币
  • 花旗:计划在 2026 年底前推出 Custody+

Coinbase 托管地位面临考验

文章称,Coinbase Custody 目前管理约 3760 亿美元机构加密资产,并为超过 80% 的美国现货比特币和以太坊 ETF 提供托管服务。这让它在银行正式发力后,成为最直接的竞争对象之一。

与加密原生机构相比,传统银行的优势不只在托管本身,还在于能把托管、外汇、流动性管理、结算和主经纪业务打包提供给机构客户。对同时持有比特币与传统证券的资管机构而言,这种一体化服务更容易嵌入现有流程。

文章认为,接下来的竞争焦点将不只是“谁能托管比特币”,而是谁能在安全、保险覆盖和综合服务能力上拿下更多机构资金。文中提到,目前按市值计算,只有约 1% 的加密资产拥有保险覆盖,这一缺口仍未被银行或加密机构真正补上。

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