Nevada Approves Deployment of Up to 8,000 Robotaxi by Tesla and Others
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Nevada Approves Tesla, Uber, and Waymo to Operate Robotaxi in the County Where Las Vegas is Located; A Total Cap of 8,000 Vehicles for the Next Year
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内华达州正加快放行机器人出租车。当地时间周四,内华达州交通管理局一致批准三项许可,允许特斯拉、Uber 和 Waymo 在克拉克县开展商业 Robotaxi 服务。该县覆盖拉斯维加斯,三家公司未来 12 个月合计最多可部署 8000 辆车。

三家公司获批规模不同

从许可上限看,特斯拉获批数量最高,最多可投放 5000 辆 Robotaxi。Waymo 获批 1000 辆自动驾驶汽车。Uber 也获批 1000 辆,但其车辆将通过与现代汽车子公司 Motional 及 Zoox 的合作来运营。Zoox 此前已持有一张自动驾驶网络公司许可,可运营 100 辆 Robotaxi。

不过,获批上限并不等于短期内就会全部落地。特斯拉代表在听证会上表示,5000 辆一直只是上限,公司预计到明年同期未必能部署到这一规模。如果未来一年能把车队扩大到约 2500 辆,或略高于这一水平,公司就会感到满意。

拉斯维加斯竞争升温

即便三家公司最终只完成许可上限的一半,克拉克县尤其是拉斯维加斯,也可能迅速成为美国 Robotaxi 竞争最激烈的区域之一。届时,特斯拉、Waymo,以及通过 Motional 和 Zoox 参与运营的 Uber,将争夺同一批乘客。

这也意味着,自动驾驶出行在当地将从测试阶段进一步转向商业化扩张。文章提到,现阶段多数自动驾驶测试主要集中在机场与拉斯维加斯大道之间的“金三角”区域。Motional 还在市中心和 Town Square 商圈进行测试。

  • 特斯拉许可上限:5000 辆
  • Waymo 许可上限:1000 辆
  • Uber 许可上限:1000 辆

行业与就业争议同步出现

随着部署规模扩大,当地行业组织和出租车公司也表达反对意见。反对方认为,监管部门推进过快,可能导致商业运输市场供给过剩,并加剧重点区域道路拥堵,尤其是“金三角”一带。

围绕 Robotaxi 的争论也延伸到就业层面。支持者认为,这类车队会带来维护、充电和清洁等新岗位;反对者则担心,传统出租车司机和网约车司机的生计将受到直接冲击。

Uber 在这场竞争中的立场相对特殊。该公司主张“混合模式”,即让人工司机与 Robotaxi 同时存在于同一网约车网络中,以便城市在高峰需求时逐步引入自动驾驶车辆,而不是一次性大量投放。这一主张与 Waymo 的方向并不完全一致,也反映出 Uber 希望在自动驾驶全面成熟前保留现有运力体系。

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