CFTC Discusses Predicting Market Risks and Regulatory Approaches
CNBC
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CFTC The first meeting of the advisory committee focused on predicting market regulation, discussing self-certification, manipulation risks, and issues related to state and federal authorities.
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美国商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)创新顾问委员会首次会议将焦点放在预测市场。与会者来自 Polymarket、Kalshi、Coinbase、Robinhood、纳斯达克和 CME 等机构。会议虽也谈到加密与 AI 监管,但争论最集中的仍是事件合约的上架方式、操纵风险和后续监管安排。

自我认证成争论焦点

CME 集团董事长兼首席执行官 Terry Duffy 在会上对预测市场现行做法提出最强烈质疑。按《商品交易法》,平台可在无需 CFTC 事前批准的情况下提交并认证事件合约,这一机制被称为“自我认证”。

Duffy 认为,这种做法虽然能让平台更快上线新合约,但也可能放大市场操纵风险。他表示,自 2025 年 1 月以来,已有约 2500 份自我认证提交,且没有一份遭到反对;其中部分产品在他看来已触及核心原则问题。

Kalshi 联合创始人 Luana Lopes Lara 则为这一机制辩护。她表示,预测市场面对的是时效性很强的事件,平台需要更快推出合约,才能满足用户需求。双方在会场上就市场操纵和内部交易风险直接交锋,显示监管讨论已进入更细的执行层面。

“提及类市场”被点名

Robinhood 首席执行官 Vlad Tenev 在会上提到另一类受到关注的产品,即“提及类市场”。这类合约通常围绕公众人物是否会在演讲、活动或财报电话会上说出某个词语展开。

与会者认为,这类产品更容易受到信息优势或人为引导影响,因此应被重点审视。Duffy 还提到近期几起与预测市场相关的执法案例,包括围绕委内瑞拉领导人马杜罗被捕消息的押注,以及与特朗普讲话内容相关的联邦调查。

Tenev 并未主张直接禁止这类市场,但表示监管机构应对其进行更严格审查,尤其要关注其是否更容易被操纵。

CFTC提出三步监管路线

CFTC 主席 Michael Selig 在开场发言中提出预测市场监管的三步安排。第一步,是推进 6 月提出的规则修订,明确 CFTC 可禁止哪些事件合约,并进一步界定“博彩”概念和公共利益标准。

第二步,是更新全额抵押事件合约的报告框架。第三步,则是继续修订指定合约市场(DCM)上架事件合约的规则,并提高消费者保护要求。Selig 表示,顾问委员会的作用是为 CFTC 后续决策提供意见。

这场会议举行前一天,白宫刚与加密行业高管举行会面,Selig 和美国证券交易委员会主席 Paul Atkins 也有出席。Selig 当时还公开批评纽约州总检察长 Letitia James。纽约州今年 7 月起诉 Kalshi,称其在当地运营“非法赌博”业务;CFTC 则在 8 月 11 日发布紧急命令,要求 Kalshi 继续在纽约提供事件合约。

补充信息:CNBC 在原文中披露,其与 Kalshi 存在商业合作关系,包括客户获取合作和少数股权投资。

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