Waymo Plans to Launch Robotaxi Service in Munich
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Waymo plans to launch the Robotaxi service in Munich, with commercial operations expected to be open to the public by the end of 2027.
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Waymo表示,计划在德国慕尼黑推出自动驾驶出租车服务。这家 Alphabet 旗下公司已在当地设立实体,但距离正式商业运营仍需完成道路测绘、测试和监管审批等流程。

先测绘再测试

按照 Waymo 在其他城市的推进方式,公司将先以人工驾驶车辆采集道路数据,完成街道测绘。随后,自动驾驶车辆会在配备安全员的情况下上路测试,之后再进入无安全员阶段。

在这一过程中,Waymo通常会先向员工、媒体和受邀乘客开放试乘,再逐步扩大服务范围。获得商业运营许可后,服务会先以有限规模上线,最终再向所有乘客开放。

目标指向 2027 年底

Waymo在博客文章中称,正与德国联邦机动车运输管理局 KBA、州级机构及地方官员合作,争取完成所需审批。公司预计,面向公众的商业叫车服务将在 2027 年底前推出。

德国早在五年多前就通过相关立法,成为欧盟首个为 L4 级自动驾驶建立法律框架的国家。按照 SAE 的定义,L4 意味着系统可在特定条件下完成全部驾驶任务,不要求人类随时接管。

德国已成测试热点

这一法律环境推动德国成为自动驾驶测试的重要市场。根据 KBA 最新数据,Mobileye、大众等多家公司已获得在德国测试自动驾驶车辆的许可。

不过,Waymo目前尚未取得相关许可。现有获批项目中,多数仍属于 L3 级,也就是在特定条件下由系统完成驾驶,但驾驶员仍需在必要时接管。英国初创公司 Wayve、以色列公司 Autobrains 等也在这一类别内。

除德国外,英国也正成为 Robotaxi 竞争焦点。Waymo此前表示,计划于 2026 年在伦敦推出商业服务,届时将与 Wayve 及其合作方 Uber 展开竞争。百度也已通过与 Lyft 和 Freenow 的合作,在伦敦启动自动驾驶车辆测试。

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