web3: 韩国单一股票杠杆ETF重挫,散户亏损扩大
Wallstreetcn
07-28 16:21
Ai Focus
韩国单一股票杠杆 ETF 交易过热,散户亏损扩大,监管部门考虑进一步收紧投资门槛。
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韩国股市剧烈波动之际,单一股票杠杆 ETF 成为市场焦点。7 月 28 日,韩国两大股市同日触发熔断,KOSPI 跌破 6000 点,为逾三个月来首次。在此背景下,围绕 SK 海力士等个股的杠杆与反向产品成交继续放大,散户亏损案例也迅速增多。

成交额高企,监管已表态加码

据报道,“KODEX SK 海力士单一股票杠杆”与“SOL SK 海力士期货单一股票反向 2X”本月累计成交额已超过 139 万亿韩元,高于同期 KOSDAQ 全市场成交额。韩国金融委员会 7 月 28 日表示,若市场需求持续高企,将研究进一步提高投资门槛,或设置个人投资上限。

韩国金融委员会此前已在 7 月 16 日上调相关产品的基本保证金要求,从 1000 万韩元提高至 3000 万韩元。但从成交占比看,市场热度并未明显降温。公告当日,这类单一股票杠杆产品在全部 ETF 成交额中的占比达到 36.6%,此后仍维持在较高区间。

散户反复补仓,亏损持续扩大

随着半导体股回落,多名个人投资者在下跌中连续加仓,试图摊薄成本,但亏损反而进一步扩大。报道提到,一名 45 岁投资者从 700 万韩元起步,先后五次补仓,总投入增至 3400 万韩元,目前浮亏已超过 50%。另一名 25 岁投资者则在追加借款后继续买入,账户最终仅剩约一半本金。

网络社区中也出现更多大额亏损案例。部分投资者集中持有三星电子、SK 海力士正股及相关杠杆 ETF,在短时间内遭遇明显回撤。市场争议随之升温,部分声音开始质疑产品审批与风险提示是否充分。

日内复利结构放大震荡损失

这类产品追踪标的单日收益的两倍。若个股持续单边上涨,收益会被放大;但在涨跌反复的震荡行情中,亏损也会因日内复利效应不断累积。即便正股之后回到原位,杠杆 ETF 的净值往往也难以同步修复。

韩国投资信托运用负责人近日公开提醒,若正股维持高波动,杠杆 ETF 的损耗会持续累积。行业人士也指出,韩国散户偏好高波动主题和动量交易,这在行情反转时更容易带来较大回撤。

产品推出仓促,审批争议升温

相关单一股票杠杆 ETF 于 5 月 27 日推出,政策目标是缓解汇率压力、减少资本外流并提振本土股市。但产品上市后,资金迅速集中到少数热门个股,叠加收盘前再平衡交易,进一步放大了正股波动。报道提到,这类产品在 6 月底的净资产已达 16 万亿韩元,单日成交额一度达到 14 万亿韩元。

韩国金融监督院负责人此前曾表示,事后看当时应更强力阻止相关申报获批。这一表态被市场解读为监管层对审批过程存在反思。执政党与监管部门目前已展开讨论,短期内将先观察保证金上调后的效果,再决定是否推出更严格的限制措施。

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