web3: Satoshi Nakamoto's $70 billion Bitcoin wallet sparks another discussion about private key security
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Satoshi Nakamoto's holding of approximately 1.096 million BTC triggers discussions about private key security; technical experts claim that randomly guessing the private key is almost impossible in reality.
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围绕中本聪比特币持仓的讨论近日再度升温。社交平台上一则说法称,只要随机猜中私钥或助记词,就可能拿到这批价值约 700 亿美元的比特币。技术人士随后指出,这种说法忽略了比特币密钥体系的基本事实,现实中几乎没有可操作性。

持仓规模再成焦点

链上数据平台 Arkham Intelligence 估算,中本聪相关地址目前合计持有约 109.6 万枚 BTC。按文中引用价格 64,245 美元计算,对应市值约 704.3 亿美元。这一规模长期被视为比特币市场最受关注的沉睡持仓之一。

不过,这轮讨论的核心并不在持仓规模本身,而在于“是否能靠暴力破解获得这些资产”。有观点把问题简化为连续猜中 24 个单词,但研究人员认为,这种表述本身就不准确。

并非一组助记词可控制

技术人士指出,中本聪早期持币并不是由一组现代助记词统一管理。如今常见的钱包助记词标准 BIP-39 出现得更晚,在 2009 年到 2010 年间,比特币密钥生成方式与现在并不相同。

报道提到,这批资产分散在超过 2.2 万个早期 P2PK 地址中,也就是 Pay-to-Public-Key 地址。换句话说,即便攻击者具备理论上的破解能力,也不是攻破一个钱包就能触及全部资产,而是要分别面对大量独立地址。

暴力破解成本远超现实

研究人员给出的估算是,即便计算设备每秒可生成 1 万亿种组合,要以 50% 概率找到某个特定的 24 词助记词,所需时间也约为 1.8 octodecillion 年,远远超过宇宙约 138 亿年的年龄。

这也是技术圈迅速否定相关说法的原因。比特币网络的安全并不依赖“没人去猜”,而是建立在极端庞大的密钥空间之上,使得暴力穷举在现实条件下没有意义。

如果这些沉睡超过 15 年的地址出现任何异动,市场仍可能迅速作出反应。原因不在于私钥被猜中,而在于这批长期未动用的比特币本身具有很强的象征意义和流动性冲击预期。

讨论延伸到自托管安全

这场争论也把硬件钱包设计重新带回讨论范围。Hashcash 发明人 Adam Back 在相关讨论中表示,一些硬件钱包厂商为了兼容大量山寨币,会把设备架构建立在更通用的支持方案上。

他认为,这种做法可能削弱对比特币原生安全特性的专门支持。相较之下,只支持比特币的设备设计更简化,也更容易隔离第三方技术带来的额外风险。

这一观点并不改变比特币现有钱包生态,但反映出行业内部对“多资产兼容”与“单一资产安全优先”之间取舍的持续分歧。

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