web3: Perpetual contracts heating up, Wall Street exchanges under pressure
CNBC
08-21 20:57
Ai Focus
Perpetual contract trading is heating up, and the expansion of Hyperliquid along with expectations of US regulation is impacting the business models of traditional exchanges.
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永续合约正从加密市场的高频产品,扩展为传统交易所无法回避的新变量。CNBC报道称,随着 Hyperliquid 等平台交易量快速放大,这类 24 小时交易、没有到期日的衍生品,正在冲击 CME、Cboe 等机构长期依赖的衍生品收入模式。

特朗普释放监管信号

本周特朗普在记者会上提到,Hyperliquid 可能出现一条接受美国商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)监管的路径。市场因此开始关注,永续合约未来是否会从加密资产进一步扩展到股票、商品等传统资产。

对传统交易所而言,压力主要来自业务结构。常规期货有到期日,交易者需要不断展期,交易所可从中持续获利。永续合约没有到期日,这意味着一部分原有收入来源可能被削弱。

Hyperliquid 交易量快速放大

在当前市场中,去中心化平台 Hyperliquid 已成为永续合约交易的核心平台之一。报道援引相关数据称,该平台上月名义交易量接近 2000 亿美元,6 月日均永续合约名义交易量约为 96 亿美元。

今年股票相关永续产品也明显升温。SpaceX 6 月上市前后,Hyperliquid 上与其挂钩的永续合约交易显著放大。上市当天,SpaceX 永续合约成交超过 700 万份,对应交易额约 12 亿美元,成交价格一度接近股票首笔交易水平。

华尔街机构重新评估产品

随着交易活跃度上升,部分传统机构已开始调整态度。Marex 首席执行官表示,永续合约目前仍以零售交易为主,但机构参与已经出现,公司也愿意在美国合规场所扩展相关产品。Robinhood 已向欧洲客户提供加密永续合约,Cboe 去年也推出了超长期“连续期货”产品。

就连此前公开批评永续合约的 CME 管理层,也在最近一次财报电话会上表示,公司已准备好相关合约设计,如果需求或市场结构变化,可以将产品推向市场。不过 CME 同时称,目前尚未从客户处听到明确需求。

杠杆风险与上市业务受关注

争议仍集中在杠杆和市场结构。部分市场人士担心,永续合约自带较高杠杆,且全天候交易,可能放大风险暴露。Cboe 方面则认为,永续合约不能简单替代期权,因为期权的风险边界与收益结构更清晰。

另一层担忧来自 IPO 与价格发现机制。如果私营公司相关合约能在线上持续形成流动性和定价,传统交易所围绕上市和挂牌建立的业务优势也可能被削弱。SpaceX 永续合约在上市前后的活跃表现,正是这一变化被放大的案例。

补充信息:CME 目前仍在法律层面挑战美国监管机构此前对比特币永续合约的批准决定,围绕这类产品法律定义和监管归属的争论仍在继续。

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