U.S. national debt exceeds $40 trillion, putting pressure on residents' borrowing costs
Fortune
08-25 00:47
Ai Focus
U.S. national debt exceeds $40 trillion; foreign media says higher deficits may push up loan interest rates and increase pressure on social security payments.
Helpful
No.Help

美国联邦债务规模在 8 月 18 日突破 40 万亿美元,再创历史新高。Fortune 援引美国经济组织 The Conference Board 旗下公共政策部门的测算称,财政赤字若持续扩大,影响不会只停留在政府账面,居民贷款成本和退休收入也会受到传导。

这项测算把未来十年分成几种情景,包括维持当前国会预算办公室预测、把赤字压低至 GDP 的 3%、扩大至 9%,以及 2029 年出现一周政府违约和利率大幅上升等压力情景。核心逻辑是,政府发债越多,投资者要求的收益率越高,而学生贷款、住房按揭和小企业贷款,往往都要参考 10 年期美债收益率定价。

学生贷款负担随利率上升

按测算,一名 2028 年入学、先后借入 4.5 万美元本科贷款和 3 万美元研究生贷款的学生,在基准情景下,10 年总偿还额约为 10.36 万美元。

如果财政赤字得到控制,总还款额可降至约 10.28 万美元,节省约 870 美元;若赤字继续扩大,总还款额升至约 10.46 万美元。若 2029 年发生一周政府违约,总偿还额将增至约 10.65 万美元。

在极端利率冲击情景下,这名学生的总还款额将升至 12.37 万美元,比基准情景高出接近 2 万美元。

购房家庭面临更高按揭支出

报告还以一个计划购买 60 万美元住房、首付两成的四口之家为例。若在 2031 年购房,较低赤字与较高赤字情景之间的按揭总支出差距约为 2.5 万美元。

如果购房时间推迟到 2036 年,差距会进一步扩大。按测算,较高赤字情景下,这个家庭的总按揭支出将比基准情景多出约 2.4 万美元;若遭遇极端利率冲击,额外成本可达到约 20 万美元,相当于高出 19.2%。

即便只出现一周政府违约,到 2036 年也会给这类家庭额外增加约 4.5 万美元支出。

小企业融资与社保压力同步上升

对于计划在 2031 年和 2036 年分别贷款 10 万美元和 15 万美元扩张业务的小企业主,基准情景下总融资成本约为 33.47 万美元。若赤字收敛,可减少约 6300 美元;若赤字恶化,则增加约 6500 美元。

若出现政府违约,额外成本约为 2 万美元;在极端利率冲击下,融资总成本将比基准情景高出约 6.5 万美元,增幅接近 19.5%。

社保部分的压力则来自信托基金储备。按美国国会预算办公室预测,社保信托基金可能在 2032 年耗尽储备。若国会不采取行动,福利发放将只能依赖当期工资税收入。一名原本预计在 2032 年每月领取 2466 美元社保金的退休者,届时可能只能拿到 2293 美元,到 2036 年月度缺口还会进一步扩大。

报道指出,如果国会选择从一般财政资金中调拨约 2.7 万亿美元填补 2032 年至 2036 年的缺口,也会直接增加财政赤字,进一步推高其他融资成本。换言之,债务压力不会消失,只会在不同部门之间转移。

Tip
$0
Like
0
Save
0
Views 55
HQYC reminds readers to view blockchain rationally, stay aware of risks, and beware of virtual token issuance and speculation. All content on this site represents market information or related viewpoints only and does not constitute any form of investment advice. If you find sensitive content, please click“Report”,and we will handle it promptly。
Submit
Comment 0
Hot
Latest
No comments yet. Be the first!
Related
web3: Crypto market sentiment rises to an extremely greedy range
Bitcoin rose by about 24% in a week, driving the CoinMarketCap crypto market sentiment index to 81, returning it to the extremely greedy range.
Cryptonews
·2026-08-26 04:17:17
35
web3 : Outflows from XRP exchange rise to six-month high
XRP Exchange Outflows Rise to Six-Month High, XRPL Active Addresses Increase by 659% in 3 Days, Spot Trading Volume Exceeds 12.5 Billion US Dollars.
Coinpaper
·2026-08-25 23:41:02
43
web3 : Firefox Dozens of fake wallet plugins are currently stealing encrypted assets
Socket has discovered that on Firefox, a batch of malicious extensions disguised as cryptocurrency wallets were initially introduced to attract users through sports score applications, and later updated to become tools for stealing mnemonic phrases.
Coinpaper
·2026-08-25 22:34:00
46
web3: Foreign media: Increased liquidity may continue to support the crypto market
Foreign media reports that after the US Treasury Department expanded its long-term government bond repurchases, the recovery in liquidity may continue to support the crypto market, but replenishing cash accounts and expectations of interest rate hikes remain risks.
Watcher.Guru
·2026-08-25 21:14:26
32
FGV Capital Completes $35 Million in Second-Phase Fundraising
FGV Capital Completes $35 Million in Second-Phase Fundraising and Integrates Consulting and Investment Services.
TechCrunch
·2026-08-25 20:51:52
36
View More