web3: Foreign media: SEC New regulations on crypto assets focus on exemptions and safe havens
Cryptonews
18h ago
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SEC releases draft regulations for the issuance of crypto assets, proposing two exemption levels of $5 million and $75 million, and establishes a conditional safe harbor for tokens to be reclassified as securities.
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外媒称,美国证监会(SEC)8 月 18 日发布一份长达 402 页的《加密资产监管》提案,首次以正式规则草案形式,为加密资产相关发行建立单独框架。文件核心包括两类证券注册豁免,以及一项有条件安全港安排。

这份提案发布时点也受到关注。就在几天前,被不少业内人士寄予厚望的 CLARITY Act 未能在参议院休会前进入表决,市场对其年内推进预期明显降温。文章认为,SEC 此时推出规则草案,某种程度上填补了国会立法停滞留下的空档。

两类融资豁免

提案拟为“涵盖的加密资产投资合同”设置两档豁免,而不是面向所有代币统一适用。

  • 初创豁免:4 年内最多融资 500 万美元
  • 融资豁免:滚动 12 个月内最多融资 7500 万美元
  • 两类豁免都不免除反欺诈责任

其中,初创豁免主要面向早期项目。发行方可用更简明的叙述式披露替代传统注册文件,也无需提交经审计财务报表。文章指出,这一安排意在给网络仍处建设期的项目留出更长的开发窗口。

另一类融资豁免则按募资规模分层。若年内融资不超过 2000 万美元,可不提交审计财报;若要使用最高 7500 万美元额度,则需提供财务报表,并承担持续信息披露义务。对已经通过私募或 SAFT 募资的项目来说,这意味着后续合规成本可能明显上升。

安全港瞄准退出认定

提案中最受关注的部分,是关于“投资合同”认定的有条件安全港。按照文章概括,若发行方已经完成,或永久停止此前承诺的关键管理工作,相关代币可在满足条件后,不再被视为投资合同的一部分。

这一设计试图回答一个长期争议:代币在什么时点不再依赖项目方的持续努力,从而退出证券框架。文章认为,SEC 这次首次尝试把这一判断写入规则路径,而不再完全依赖个案执法或诉讼裁定。

文中还提到,这一思路与 2023 年 Ripple 案中的部分司法逻辑存在呼应。当时法院认为,XRP 在交易所的程序化销售不当然构成投资合同。如今 SEC 试图把类似判断标准制度化,但具体执行仍可能引发争论。

覆盖范围仍有限

提案并不适用于所有主流代币。根据文中说法,两类豁免仅面向“涵盖的投资合同”发行方,已在 2026 年 3 月联合解释中被归为数字商品的代币,不在这一框架内。

文章列举称,比特币、以太坊、XRP、Solana 等已被归入商品范畴的代币,本就不需要依赖这两类豁免。相较之下,真正受影响的,是那些尚未达到足够去中心化程度、或功能成熟度仍不足的新项目。

SEC 还为公众意见征集预留了 60 天窗口,自 8 月 21 日在《联邦公报》发布后起算。文章认为,这意味着接下来一段时间,围绕披露标准、适用对象和安全港触发条件的讨论,仍将持续升温。

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