US GDP growth rate remained at 1.5% in the second quarter
Fortune
9h ago
Ai Focus
In the second quarter of the United States, the annualized growth rate of GDP was 1.5%. Consumption remained stable, but a significant increase in imports dragged down overall growth. AI related investments drove up imports of products such as chips.
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美国商务部公布的修正数据显示,美国二季度国内生产总值(GDP)按年化计算增长 1.5%,与此前初值一致,低于一季度的 2.1%。尽管整体增速放缓,但消费支出仍保持较强韧性,显示美国经济在高通胀和外部冲击下尚未明显失速。

消费支出继续支撑增长

从结构看,居民消费仍是本季增长的主要支撑。二季度消费支出年化增长 3.4%,明显高于一季度的 0.5%。消费约占美国经济活动的七成,这一数据意味着内需仍在支撑经济扩张。

商务部数据还显示,剔除政府支出和贸易等波动较大的项目后,一项反映内生需求的指标二季度增长 4.2%,高于一季度的 1.7%。企业投资同样较强,不含住宅的商业投资年化增长 8.5%。

AI相关进口拉低整体增速

拖累二季度整体增速的主要因素是进口。由于 GDP 统计只计算国内生产,进口增加会在核算中拉低增速。4 月至 6 月,美国进口按年化计算增长 12.5%,直接拉低二季度 GDP 增速 1.64 个百分点。

报道提到,芯片等与 AI 基础设施建设相关的产品进口增加,是推高进口的重要原因之一。随着企业继续投入算力和设备,相关商品需求上升,也在一定程度上改变了本季增长结构。

住房投资在二季度也出现回升,这是自 2024 年底以来首次增长。不过,高按揭利率仍在压制美国房地产市场,住宅领域的修复力度目前仍有限。

通胀高位与关税预期并存

通胀方面,商务部报告显示,7 月价格同比上涨 3.7%,与 6 月持平,但仍明显高于美联储 2% 的目标。报道指出,自美国和以色列在 2 月底打击伊朗后,能源价格走高,通胀压力有所加重。

目前,伊朗冲突带来的高油价、特朗普提出对加拿大和中国加征新关税的威胁,以及 AI 基础设施支出推高电脑、游戏主机和半导体成本,仍在共同影响美国物价走势。

补充信息:商务部对二季度 GDP 共发布三次估算,本次为第二次修正数据,最终数据将于 9 月 30 日公布。

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