According to CoinMeta, an appeals court in the United States upheld Thomson Reuters' copyright victory against Rosy Intelligence, dismissing the latter's defense of fair use for using Westlaw material to train a AI search engine. The outcome of this case may have implications beyond the field of legal research; if AI companies are forced to pay more for training data, those with high-quality proprietary content will gain a competitive advantage. Judge Stephanos Bibas reviewed the 2023 ruling on February 11, 2025, and upheld parts of the verdict, confirming Thomson Reuters' win in both direct infringement and fair use claims. Rosy had hoped to obtain a licensing agreement for Westlaw content but was denied due to competition with Thomson Reuters. Subsequently, Rosy purchased nearly 25,000 "batch memos" created based on Westlaw footnotes from Legalease. Judge Bibas noted that the infringement involved 2,243 footnotes and argued that "Rosy's use of these footnotes was aimed at making it easier to develop competitive legal research tools, therefore its use is not transformative."