web3: Foreign media: The dispute over the returns of US stablecoins impacts legislation once again
CoinDesk
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Foreign media reports that disagreements between the U.S. banking industry and the crypto industry over stablecoin revenue regulations have intensified, affecting the advancement of related bills in the Senate.
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美国围绕稳定币收益的争论并未随着 GENIUS 法案落地而结束。外媒称,银行业游说团体近期再次推动国会收紧相关表述,反对加密平台向稳定币持有人提供接近存款利息的回报,这一分歧已影响参议院《Clarity Act》的推进。

争议集中在收益分流存款

银行业的核心观点是,如果稳定币平台可以向用户支付更高回报,部分资金可能从低息存款转向稳定币,进而削弱银行吸收存款和发放贷款的能力。摩根大通 CEO 杰米·戴蒙此前也公开表示,银行与稳定币业务面临的监管要求并不对等。

文章提到,银行方面希望国会进一步明确限制,不仅禁止稳定币发行方直接向持有人支付收益,也要堵住通过交易平台、分销费用安排等方式间接提供回报的空间。

GENIUS 已生效,Clarity 仍在拉扯

去年通过的 GENIUS 法案已为美国稳定币发行建立联邦层面的规则。按现有法律,稳定币发行方不得直接向持有人提供收益,但对于交易所等面向用户的平台是否可以设计奖励机制,条文并未完全写死。

也因此,银行业希望借《Clarity Act》进一步收紧措辞。文章称,尽管此前两党曾推动妥协版本,但银行业本月再次把稳定币收益问题推到前台,成为法案再度承压的原因之一。若法案无法在 9 月中旬前拿到参议院所需支持,现行 GENIUS 框架将继续维持。

银行低息现状成为反击点

加密行业反驳称,银行关于“存款会大规模流失”的说法缺乏现实依据。文章列举的数据包括:摩根大通普通储蓄账户利率仅约 0.01%,而 20 年前同类产品利率曾高于 4%。在美国通胀率约为 3.4% 的背景下,即便部分定期存款利率在 3.25% 左右,实际购买力仍可能继续下降。

  • 摩根大通普通储蓄利率约为 0.01%
  • 部分稳定币奖励项目回报率约为 3.5% 至 3.75%
  • 2026 年一季度美国银行业利润达 805 亿美元

相比之下,美国部分交易平台面向特定稳定币项目提供的回报率在 3.5% 至 3.75% 以上。加密行业据此认为,银行并非因为无法竞争而承压,而是长期维持低息存款模式,同时整体盈利能力依然强劲。

9 月中旬前或见分晓

文章认为,下一轮参议院审议将决定这场争论的短期走向。一方面,银行业希望通过更严格的法案语言限制稳定币奖励;另一方面,如果《Clarity Act》受阻,加密行业可能继续在 GENIUS 现有框架下争取更大的产品空间。

争论的结果,不仅关系到稳定币平台能否把“持有即得回报”做成主流产品,也关系到美国会如何界定稳定币与传统存款之间的边界。

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