web3: Concerns over U.S. deficit rise, gold and Bitcoin strengthen
CNBC
13h ago
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U.S. deficit and Treasury bond repurchase operations drive "currency depreciation trading"; gold and Bitcoin strengthen, while the dollar weakens.
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美国财政赤字扩大、国债规模攀升,正在重新推高华尔街所谓的“货币贬值交易”。市场押注的方向很明确:黄金和比特币走强,美元回落,长期美债承压。

财政部加码国债回购

美国财政部上周表示,将把国债回购的单次上限从 20 亿美元提高到至少 40 亿美元。两名财政部高级官员随后称,财政部还可能动用一般账户资金支持这一安排。

这一动作出现在两个背景之下:7 月美国月度预算赤字升至五年高位,总联邦债务规模突破 40 万亿美元。财政部长斯科特·贝森特此前也表示,财政部手中有“很多工具”来稳定国债市场。

市场更在意的不是回购规模本身,而是它释放出的信号。加密 ETF 发行商 21Shares 宏观负责人 Stephen Coltman 表示,目前公布的购买规模相对整个市场并不大,但信号效应很强。

黄金和比特币同步走强

在这类交易中,投资者通常会转向被视为更能对冲货币购买力下滑的资产,包括贵金属和加密资产。

黄金周一升至三个月高位,此前一周已上涨逾 5%。如果按月计算,8 月金价有望录得 1999 年以来最大单月涨幅,并已连续五周上涨。

比特币周一上涨 2%,升至 5 月以来高位。此前三天累计涨幅达到 22%,为 2023 年以来最大三日升幅。周二亚洲时段,比特币一度触及 8 万美元。

与此相对,美元持续走弱。衡量美元兑六种主要货币表现的美元指数上周跌至近三个月低位,最近四周中有三周下跌,周一基本持平。

长端收益率仍在高位

尽管财政部出手回购,美债市场并未明显平静。上周长期美债收益率一度快速上行,30 年期美债收益率曾接近 5.34%,逼近约 20 年高位,明显高于 6 月底的 4.82%。

回购消息公布后,收益率先回落后反弹,显示债券投资者并不认为现有措施足以缓解压力。Citadel 固定收益销售主管 Nohshad Shah 认为,这类操作或许能短暂支撑债市,但也可能进一步压低美元,并让通胀压力加重。

他表示,若美元继续走弱、金融条件因此放松,美联储可能被迫维持更紧的政策。CME FedWatch 数据显示,市场目前预计美联储 10 月加息的概率约为 56%,较一周前上升逾 7 个百分点。

华尔街判断仍有分歧

部分机构认为,这轮交易仍有延续空间。德意志银行分析师 Michael Hsueh 表示,金价甚至可能超过其每盎司 4800 美元的目标位,并称财政部政策变化强化了其看多黄金的判断。

桥水基金创始人达利欧也表示,美国政府财政状况正处在转折点,如果问题不能尽早处理,债务可能累积到难以在不付出巨大代价的情况下化解。

不过,也有投资人士认为,现在就全面接受“货币贬值交易”逻辑仍为时过早。Social Discovery Ventures 首席投资官 Alexander Lis 表示,除非能够确认美联储会配合财政部方向,否则这一交易是否会持续,仍有待观察。

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