nft : Chainalysis: Encrypted tax rules or missing 86% of on-chain activities
Cryptonews
8h ago
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According to Chainalysis, the global potential taxable blockchain-related activities in 2025 will exceed $457 billion, while the current cross-border reporting rules actually cover only 14%.
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Chainalysis在8月26日发布报告称,2025年全球潜在应税链上加密活动超过4570亿美元,但按现有国际报送体系的实际触达范围计算,能被覆盖的交易仅占14%。其余大部分来自 DeFi、私有钱包、链上收入和点对点支付。

覆盖活动仅占14%

这份报告统计了比特币、以太坊、Solana、Tron、BNB Smart Chain 和 Base 上的已实现收益、收入与支付活动。收入包括挖矿、质押、借贷和博彩,支付则包括商户收款和类似点对点转账的链上流动。

Chainalysis表示,4570亿美元只是下限估算。中心化交易所内部的交易、质押和借贷没有被纳入,因为这些活动不会直接出现在公开区块链上;报告也未覆盖所有公链、交易类型和交易场所。

美国规模位居首位

按国家看,美国以1126亿美元居首,其中支付约646亿美元,已实现收益301亿美元,收入179亿美元。按地区看,北美为1346亿美元,欧盟为1251亿美元,东亚为547亿美元。

德国、中国和英国分列其后,规模分别约为241亿、210亿和194亿美元。印度、巴西、加拿大、日本、俄罗斯和泰国也进入前十。报告强调,这些数字反映的是可能应税的活动规模,并不等于实际应缴税额。

CARF主要覆盖中介平台

经合组织在2022年推出《加密资产报告框架》CARF,目标是让参与司法辖区交换跨境加密交易信息。该框架主要面向中心化交易所、经纪商等中介,也可能覆盖部分零售商和钱包服务商。

根据报告,首批48个司法辖区已于2026年1月1日启动数据收集,包括英国和欧盟成员国。多数参与方计划在2027年开始交换数据。即便如此,Chainalysis测算,CARF实际可覆盖的事件仍只占潜在应税链上活动的14%。

DeFi与私有钱包仍留缺口

报告认为,DeFi协议和私有钱包是现行报送体系最难触达的部分。去中心化交易所通常依靠智能合约运行,没有统一托管方,也未必掌握完整身份信息。用户通过私有钱包持有资产、参与协议或转账时,也可能绕开可申报平台。

另一个难点是成本基础,也就是买入价格和持有周期。如果用户在一个平台买入资产,随后转到别处卖出,接收平台可能只知道卖出金额,却不知道原始买入成本。CARF又不具备追溯效力,历史记录缺口仍可能继续存在。

链上分析可补足调查

Chainalysis称,税务机关可以借助链上分析追踪钱包之间的转移,识别与 DeFi 或境外平台的互动,并识别挖矿、质押、借贷或提供流动性带来的收入。若再结合受监管平台掌握的客户信息,执法部门就可能把一段交易历史对应到具体纳税人。

补充信息:报告提到,意大利监管部门今年5月曾通过审查区块链记录,追踪到逾100万欧元的疑似未申报 Ordinals 收益,显示链上数据已被用于税务调查。

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