web3: Mexico's avocado exports resume after the U.S. lifts security alerts
Fortune
1h ago
Ai Focus
After the United States lifted the security alert, avocado exports from Michoacán state in Mexico resumed, but local security issues and dependence on the U.S. have not disappeared.
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美国解除针对墨西哥米却肯州的安全警报后,当地牛油果出口已恢复。停摆数日的果园、包装厂和对美发运流程重新启动,依赖日薪的采摘工也回到岗位。

出口链条恢复运转

限制解除后,美国农业部检验员已返回,对出口牛油果进行病虫害认证。到周末,当地果园重新作业,包装厂恢复满负荷运转,运往美国的货车也重新上路。

米却肯州是墨西哥最主要的牛油果产区。当地行业人士称,这次停摆持续 8 天,令大量从业者收入中断。报道提到,米却肯州牛油果产业涉及约 20 万个就业岗位。

安全警报冲击供应链

美国方面没有公开说明这次警报的具体触发原因。但在当地,犯罪集团长期活跃,勒索、威胁和劫掠风险一直存在。过去,美国检验人员也曾遭遇袭击或短暂扣留,类似事件曾多次引发出口暂停。

对当地出口商来说,安全与检验是同一条链上的两个关口。只要美国以安全或植物检疫为由暂停技术服务,出口就会立刻中断。行业人士直言,整个产业很大程度上受美国市场和监管安排左右。

对美依赖仍然很高

目前,墨西哥超过 80% 的牛油果销往美国。高峰时期,每天都有大量货物北上。报道提到,仅今年 3 月,墨西哥对美日均出口量就接近 4800 吨。

为维持出口,采摘、包装和运输都要经过认证。采摘工需按要求消毒工具、检查果实状况;包装厂继续进行质量和病虫害检查;装箱后,车辆再运往美国边境。任何一个环节收到安全警报,整条线路都可能停下来。

军方增援未完全打消担忧

为保护米却肯州牛油果产区,墨西哥近期增派了 1500 多名士兵,并逮捕了一些涉嫌勒索的人员。部分种植户认为,这有助于缓解暴力问题,但眼下效果仍有限。

一些从业者表示,军方进驻带来了一定安全感,但也担心这可能引发新的武装对抗。对当地工人和种植户而言,出口虽然已经恢复,真正的不确定性并未结束。

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