web3: Survey: 53% of Americans oppose the allocation of crypto assets in pension accounts
Cryptonews
08-27 01:59
Ai Focus
A US survey shows that most respondents oppose adding crypto asset investment options to workplace pension plans, while federal policies have been moving in the direction of relaxation in recent years.
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美国围绕退休金账户配置加密资产的争论仍在升温。最新全国调查显示,多数美国受访者不支持雇主在职场退休金计划中提供加密资产投资选项,风险担忧仍是主要原因。

53%受访者明确反对

这项调查由美国退休保障研究所发布。结果显示,53% 的受访者反对在工作场所退休金计划中加入加密资产,77% 认为这类投资存在不同程度风险,其中 46% 直接将其归为“非常危险”。

退休储蓄压力同步上升

调查显示,公众对加密资产的谨慎态度,与美国退休储蓄压力同步上升。80% 的受访者认为美国正面临退休危机,61% 担心自己退休后难以实现财务安全。

  • 68% 认为为退休做准备比过去更难
  • 77% 表示债务削弱了储蓄能力
  • 调查覆盖 1203 名 25 岁以上美国居民

研究机构称,这项调查由 Greenwald Research 在 2025 年 10 月 24 日至 11 月 14 日间完成,并按年龄、性别和收入加权。调查还显示,反对退休金计划配置加密资产的人群,并不等于完全排斥数字资产。

美联储今年 5 月的一项调查显示,2025 年有 10% 的美国成年人持有或使用过加密资产,高于 2024 年的 7%。其中约 7% 将其作为投资持有,支付和转账用途占比更低。

联邦政策近年转向放宽

尽管民调偏谨慎,美国联邦政策近年却在逐步移除退休金账户接触加密资产的障碍。2025 年 5 月,美国劳工部撤回此前针对 401(k) 计划的加密资产指引,旧指引曾要求受托人在纳入相关资产前保持“极度谨慎”。

同年 8 月 7 日,特朗普签署一项关于另类资产的行政命令,范围涵盖数字资产投资工具,也包括私募股权、私募信贷和房地产等资产。该命令要求劳工部审查相关受托责任指引,并研究如何让退休储蓄者接触这类资产。

5 天后,劳工部又撤销了一份 2021 年声明。部门官员称,相关表述偏离了中性原则,不应针对单一资产类别作出区别对待。

新规草案仍在征求意见

2026 年 3 月,劳工部提出新规则草案,说明受托人如何评估职场退休金计划中的另类资产。草案设置了“安全港”条件,意在降低合规操作下的诉讼风险。

根据此前披露,这套框架可能影响超过 9000 万名退休储蓄者。受托人需要审查的项目包括业绩、费用、流动性、估值、赎回条款,以及参与者是否能够理解相关投资。

这一提案随后遭到民主党议员反对。伯尼·桑德斯、伊丽莎白·沃伦和众议员 Bobby Scott 在 2026 年 6 月致函劳工部,要求撤回草案,理由是加密资产可能带来更高波动、欺诈风险,以及弱于公开证券市场的投资者保护。

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